Dr. Ameni Mkaouar
(she/her/hers)
Remote Sensing Scientist
Biospheric Sciences (618)
What inspired you to pursue a career in remote sensing?
Enjoying a weekend in Toulouse, France during my research visit to CESBIO Laboratory in 2019.
Credit: Hana Abdelmoula.
I was initially drawn to remote sensing because of its unique ability to observe and analyze our planet from above, providing insights that would be impossible to obtain from the ground alone.
My journey began concretely during summer internships at the Digital Research Center of Sfax, Tunisia. These experiences introduced me to the fundamentals of remote sensing and radiative transfer (RT) modeling, revealing how these technologies could transform our understanding of natural environments with unprecedented accuracy and detail. The pivotal moment came in 2015, when I saw researchers analyzing LiDAR data over forests. I was fascinated by its ability to capture 3D structure. This led to my graduation project on estimating Leaf Area Index (LAI) from airborne LiDAR. This early exposure naturally led me to pursue a PhD focused on estimating foliage properties from Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) LiDAR using direct and inverse radiative transfer modeling.
A further transformative experience came during my research internship at the Centre d'Etudes Spatiales de la Biosphère Laboratory in Toulouse, France, where collaboration with the Discrete Anisotropic Radiative Transfer (DART) team and international experts expanded my perspective on how remote sensing technologies could be applied globally.
What science questions do you investigate?
I'm investigating the 3D structure of vegetation using laser altimetry and stereophotogrammetry data. This allows us to understand various functions, changes, and the interactions between vegetation and Earth's climate system. The advantage of this approach is that it reveals hidden patterns in forest structure that traditional methods miss, giving us a more complete picture of ecosystem health, carbon storage capacity, and resilience to climate change—all critical for making informed environmental management decisions.
How did you end up working at NASA Goddard?
Visiting the NASA visitor center on the same day that I arrived at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), exploring my office for the first time.
Credit: Lahouari Bounoua.
My path to NASA Goddard began through my collaboration with the DART team during my PhD research. This partnership exposed me to radiative transfer modeling applications in Earth observation and connected me with researchers working on similar approaches at NASA. My expertise in LiDAR processing and radiative transfer modeling aligned perfectly with a position focused on integrating stereo photogrammetry with laser altimetry data to support NASA's Surface Topography and Vegetation research. Joining NASA Goddard has allowed me to apply my skills to meaningful research while contributing to important Earth science initiatives in an environment that values scientific excellence.
What does a typical day at work look like for you?
Presenting our work on LiDAR and stereo fusion for improved digital surface model at the 2024 American Geophysical Union (AGU) conference in Washington DC.
Credit: Maggie Wooten.
My typical workday revolves around a blend of computational research, collaboration, and continuous learning. I usually begin by checking emails and responding to urgent communications. A significant portion of my day involves computational work, processing and analyzing remote sensing datasets, developing and testing algorithms for sensor fusion, and running radiative transfer simulations. This includes writing and debugging code in Python, processing LiDAR point clouds and satellite imagery, and visualizing results to identify patterns and validate methodologies.
Collaboration is central to my work. I regularly participate in team meetings with colleagues from the DART modeling group and other NASA collaborators to discuss research progress, troubleshoot technical issues, plan future work, and exchange ideas.
Throughout the day, I maintain a balance between focused individual work and collaborative activities, adapting to the specific needs of our current research phase.
If you were to expand your current research focus, what new topics would you explore?
Looking ahead, I want to expand my research by combining artificial intelligence with traditional scientific models to better understand vegetation. By blending these approaches, we can extract more accurate information from satellite data about tree health, growth patterns, and carbon storage. This would give us a clearer picture of how forests are responding to climate change and help guide conservation efforts.
What skills are most useful to you in your work, and where did you develop those skills?
Grateful for my husband's constant support and pride in my journey; this was our first snow in Maryland.
Credit: Wassef Chaaben.
Three skills have proven most valuable in my research: First, programming and data analysis abilities are essential for processing the complex satellite datasets I work with daily. Second, adaptability has been crucial in this rapidly evolving field, allowing me to integrate new technologies as they emerge. Third, effective scientific communication is critical to effective collaboration. I built the foundation for these skills during my formal education, but they've been continuously refined through hands-on research experiences, collaboration with diverse teams, and my commitment to staying current with emerging methodologies in remote sensing science.
What do you like to do in your free time?
In my free time, I enjoy activities that provide a creative outlet and connect me to my cultural heritage, though having a 3-year-old daughter has certainly reshaped how I spend my leisure hours. Much of my free time now revolves around my daughter—watching her discover the world, reading stories together, and engaging in playful activities that nurture her development. These moments are precious, and I find tremendous joy in witnessing her growth and curiosity about everything around her.
When I do carve out personal time, cooking remains one of my greatest passions. I particularly love preparing Tunisian cuisine, with its rich flavors and diverse influences. There's something deeply satisfying about recreating traditional dishes that remind me of home, from the aromatic spices of a well-prepared couscous to the delicate balance of sweet and savory in pastries like makroudh.
I'm also drawn to various manual crafts, especially couture and accessories making. Working with textiles and creating handmade items provides a tactile, creative experience that contrasts nicely with the computational nature of my research work.
Biography
Home Town:
Sfax, Tunisia
Undergraduate Degree:
Bachelor of Science in Telecommunications and Network Engineering, National School of Electronics and Telecommunications of Sfax (ENET'COM), Sfax, Tunisia (2017)
Post-graduate Degrees:
Ph.D. in Signal and Image Processing, Computer Systems Engineering, National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS), University of Sfax, Tunisia (2022)
Photo Credit: Professional photographer at AGU 2024 Conference, Washington DC.
Link to Ameni Mkaouar's GSFC Bio
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